Sax, Linda J. "Mathematical Self-Concept: How College Reinforces the Gender Gap." RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION, v35 n2 p141-66 Apr 1994. ISSN0361-0365. (EJ483626)

A study of 8,997 women and 6,053 men investigated factors associated with development of mathematical self-concept during college. Results showed that some student background characteristics, college characteristics (including selectivity), and student experiences contribute to an overall decline in mathematics self-concept during college and that college reinforces the gender gap in math confidence. (MSE)