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COURSE BASICS | AT-A GLANCE | SYLLABUS | ASSIGNMENTS Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 | Week 6 | Week 7 | Week 8 | Week 9 | Week 10 IS 220: DESIGN OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES Instructor: Dr. Clara M. Chu, cchu@ucla.edu, (310) 206-9368 Course Sections: Lecture: Tuesday, 9:00 a.m.- 12:30 p.m., GSE&IS 111 Course Description: Principles and methods for planning and designing user-driven library and information services. The course deals with principles and methods for assessing information needs of designated populations and for designing services that meet those needs. Course Objectives: 1. To provide an introductory knowledge of principles and methods for designing library and information service/delivery systems that meet the needs of a targeted population, and 2. To develop competencies in needs assessment techniques and an understanding of the service orientation of library and information professionals. Assignments: Assignments are due on dates and times as specified. Late assignments may be accepted if prior arrangements are made with the instructor and will be penalized by a letter grade. All assignments should be typed and double-spaced. Evaluation/Grading: Grading is done in accordance with DIS policy. Instructional Method: This class will incorporate a mixture of lecture, discussion, in-class exercises and student presentations. Students will be expected to contribute to class discussions on a regular basis. Resource Materials and Reserves: Assigned texts: Allison, Michael and Kaye, Jude. Strategic Planning for Nonprofit Organizations: A Practical Guide and Workbook. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997. Chu, Clara M. IS 220. Design of Library and Information Services: Readings. Los Angeles: Academic Publishing, UCLA, 2003. Reserve materials will be placed in the MIT Lab/Library. Please refer to the selective bibliography compiled by the instructor for supplemental readings and references. GROUP ASSIGNMENT: GENERAL INFORMATION Planning Project: Students will sign up to work as a group on a designated information user environment to design/plan an information service and produce (1) a planning document (graded), (2) group process notes (ungraded), and (3) an oral report (ungraded). Group Size: 3-4 students. Length: The planning document should be no longer than 20 typed pages (plus appendixes, as appropriate) and should be submitted jointly with the group’s process notes. The process notes are a record of the group's decision-making and design/planning process, and can include meeting minutes, e-mail or other correspondence, and/or periodic action or progress notes. Purpose: This assignment has been designed to allow you to simulate the activities of a "library and information services planning committee." Therefore, you will gain practice in group decision making and learn about group dynamics in planning. At each group's first meeting, the members will determine their specific user community that will be the target of their information delivery system. Sign-up your group and indicate your group’s user community which will need to be approved by the instructor. The group process notes serve to both inform the instructor and allow group members to record the experiences and dynamics of each group. It serves as a learning and discussion tool and will not be graded but a group will be graded down if it is not submitted. Work Responsibility: All work responsibilities of the group will be shared and equally distributed, and decisions will be made by consensus. Equity in the division of labor is the responsibility of all group members. Group members are individually accountable for their work, and the work of the group is assessed as a whole. In terms of the written component, the document may be written as a group or specific group members may write different parts of the assignment. Enjoy! Read more about collaborative and cooperative learning: "CONCEPT TO CLASSROOM" is a collaboration between Thirteen Ed Online and Disney Learning Partnership. http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/month5/ Foote, Elizabeth. Collaborative Learning in Community Colleges. ERIC Digest. June 1997. ED411023 http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed411023.html Gokhale, Anuradha A. "Collaborative Learning Enhances Critical Thinking," Journal of Technology Education, 7(1), Fall 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/jte-v7n1/gokhale.jte-v7n1.html National Institute for Science Education. Doing CL. 11/1/1997. http://www.wcer.wisc.edu/nise/CL1/CL/doingcl/DCL1.asp Ngeow, Karen Yeok-Hwa. Enhancing Student Thinking through Collaborative Learning. ERIC Digest. 1998. ED422586 http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed422586.html GROUP WRITTEN AND ORAL REPORTS
Oral Report: APPROPRIATE INFORMATION SERVICE/FUNDING PRESENTATION Each group will be making an oral presentation of its service to an audience (your classmates) which represents a governing board, executive directors, or agency officials and are the potential funders of your service. Each presentation will be based on your planning document: summarize the document and highlight important aspects of the planning document. Duration of the presentation will be 15 minutes and will be evaluated by your peers. The content of the presentation will be determined by your group. You may wish to include the following: 2. Explain how and where you collected your data. 3. Describe and justify your vision, role, mission and goals. 4. Reinforce key points in the plan, state the significance of your service, and list activities that will ensure successful implementation of your service. Top ^Individual Paper: EVALUATION OF RESOURCES AND SERVICES Note: (b) Some aspects of this assignment can be done as a group or independently, as designated by "G/I." Work which may be conducted as a group means that group members may work together and each member can choose to submit the same or a different product for that particular aspect of the paper. Part I
2. Identify 10 specific titles that you would purchase and in an annotation, justify each in light of your collection development policy. 3. Develop an evaluation strategy for your collection. Describe it and discuss its positive and negative points. Part II 1. Develop a 1-page questionnaire or a set of focus group questions to evaluate your service or a particular aspect of your service. Determine the scope/focus of your questionnaire (e.g., entire targeted user community, user sub-group(s), types of services, types of information needs, etc.). (G/I) 2. Please submit a copy of your questionnaire (one page) or focus group questions, and a report (maximum: 5 double-spaced, typed pages) describing and discussing the scope/focus, purpose, utility for planning, choice of survey method, and administration of your questionnaire or focus group questions (e.g., why did you select your scope/focus?, what data do you hope to gather?, how will you use the data for planning?, why did you choose to use your specific survey method?, why do you think that your questionnaire/focus group will be effective?, how will you administer the questionnaire/focus group?, etc.)
IS
220: Design of Library and Information Services I. Basics of Strategic Planning (Weeks 1-2) 1. April 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE AND THE SYSTEMS APPROACH. Read: Koteen, Jack. "Strategic Management Explained," In Strategic Management in Public and Nonprofit Organizations. New York: Praeger, 1989; pp. 17-29 (Chapter 2). Lyles, Richard I. "Introduction," In Practical Management Problem Solving and Decision Making. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982; pp. v-x. [YRL HD30.29.L94 1982]. Wetherbe, James C. "The Systems Approach," In Systems Analysis and Design. 3rd ed. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing, 1988; pp. 26-28. [YRL T58.6.W47 1988]. Recommended Readings: Boulding, Kenneth. "General Systems Theory--The Skeleton of Science," Management Science, 2(3): 197-208, 1956. [EMS, MGT HD28.M312]. Churchman, C. West. The Systems Approach. 2nd ed. New York: Dell, 1979; pp. 3-15, 28-48 (Ch. 1 and 3). [College HD20.5.C475s 1979, MGT QA402.5.C49 1979]. Discussion Topics: 1. Definition of the systems approach. 2. Differences between traditional problem solving and the systems approach. 3. Description of a library system by identifying its components. Contrast of a library system with a non-library system, e.g., grocery store, household, etc. 4. The benefits and limitations of applying the systems approach to a library/information environment. 5. The factors that contribute to an effective systems approach. April 2[d] INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC PLANNING Read:
2. April 9 THE PLANNING PROCESS. ISSUES OF INSTITUTIONAL LEGITIMACY
AND GOVERNANCE. Read:
April 9[d] CREATING A VISION. CONSIDERING MISSION, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES. Read:
II. Community Analysis and Needs Assessment (Weeks 3-6) 3. April 16 COMMUNITY ANALYSIS AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT: INTRODUCTION. Read: Marín, Gerardo and Marín, Barbara VanOss. Research with Hispanic Populations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1991; pp. 1-31. Schlichter, Doris J. and Pemberton, J. Michael. "The Emperor's New Clothes? Problems of the User Survey as a Planning Tool in Academic Libraries," College & Research Libraries, 53(3): 257-265, 1992. Evans, G. Edward. "Needs Analysis and Collection Development of Culturally Diverse Populations," Collection Building, 11(4): 16-27, 1991. Recommended readings:
NOTES a. Definitions
b. Purpose
Community analysis and needs assessment are a key aspect in the planning process based on facts and not speculation. The findings of a community and needs study are used in the following manner: 1. incorporate in the review of existing goals and objectives of the information institution and their revision 2. translate goals and objectives into specific policies, programs and activities using the findings 3. use the findings as a benchmark, from which to gauge progress in the future c. Background of the methodologies
d. Community Analysis - Data/information to be gathered about the community 1. demographic and socioeconomic data 2. characteristics of the community environment (i.e., the library's service area) i. general environment ii. information environment of the information service provider iii. existing library resources and services - Types of data 1. Primary - from individuals, community groups or leaders 2. Secondary - previously collected and recorded data from government institutions, business and industry survey and marketing studies, local chambers of commerce, community organizations e. Needs assessment - Data/information to be gathered about users/non-users 1. cultural and behavioral dimensions of the information seeking process 2. information needs (e.g., types, levels of complexity, formats, languages, purposes, etc.) 3. information environment of user - Types of data 1. Primary - from individuals, community groups or leaders 2. Secondary - needs assessments of comparable groups, studies of cultural and behavioral dimensions of the information seeking process of specific user groups f. Issues of diversity - Parameters: nationality, ethnicity, race, gender, age, class, subculturalism, and organizational systems - using these methodologies to understand diversity of the population, diversity of information needs, and diversity of information seeking behavior to plan and deliver responsive, dynamic and effective services. COMMUNITY ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION STRATEGIES: 1. demographic and socioeconomic data 2. characteristics of the community environment (i.e., the library's service area) i. general environment ii. information environment of the information service provider iii. existing library resources and services April 16[d] DEFINITIONS OF INFORMATION AND INFORMATION NEEDS. REVIEW
OF NEEDS ASSESSMENT RESEARCH. Read: Buckland, Michael K. "Information as Thing," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 42(5): 351-360, 1991. Dervin, Brenda and Michael Nilan. "Information Needs and Uses," Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 231: 3-33, 1986. Chatman, Elfreda A. "The Information World of Low-Skilled Workers," Library and Information Science Research, 9: 265-283, 1987. Discussion Topics: 1. Develop a working definition of "information" and indicate in what context(s) it would be used. 2. Define information "needs," "wants," and "uses," and indicate differences, if any, among them. Which one(s) would you study and why? 3. What have we measured/studied in information use/needs studies? Have these studies aided practice; if so, in which way(s)? 4. How (research methods) have we studied information use? Which would you advocate, quantitative or qualitative methods, for future use/user studies? Justify your decision. 5. Does Chatman's study provide findings which can be useful to information service providers? If not, why not? If so, how are they relevant and what implications would they have for practice? 4. April 23 NEEDS ASSESSMENT: DATA COLLECTION STRATEGIES. PLANNING
AND IMPLEMENTING A COMMUNITY ANALYSIS AND/OR NEEDS ASSESSMENT. Read: Hurth, Won Moo and Kim, Kwang Chung. "Methodological Problems in Cross Cultural Research: A Korean Immigrant Study in the United States," California Sociologist, 4: 17-32, Winter 1981. Metoyer-Duran, Cheryl. "Cross-Cultural Research in Ethnolinguistic Communities: Methodological Considerations," Public Libraries, 32(1): 18-25, Jan./Feb., 1993. Crist, Margo; Daub, Peggy, and MacAdam, Barbara. "User Studies: Reality Check and Future Perfect," Wilson Library Bulletin, 68(6): 38-41, February 1994. Soltys, Amy. "Planning and Implementing a Community Survey," Canadian Library Journal, 42(5): 245-249, 1985. Recommended readings: Hernon, Peter and McClure, Charles R. Evaluation and Library Decision Making. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp., pp. 49-61, 199-213, 1990. NOTES Secondary data sources for information on: 1. cultural and behavioral dimensions of the information seeking process 2. information needs (e.g., types, levels of complexity, formats, languages, purposes, etc.) 3. information environment of user April 23[d] COMMUNITY ANALYSIS: DATA COLLECTION STRATEGIES. 5. April 30 SURVEY METHODOLOGIES. SAMPLING. CONTENT ANALYSIS. Read:
NOTES - Description of each type - Discussion of advantages and disadvantages - Discussion of issues of research design - Strategies to optimize participation from the community - Considerations in using the methodologies: 1. difficulty (organization and research expertise) 2. time 3. costs (is it worth the investment?) - Local considerations determining design: 1. nature - community analysis and/or needs assessment 2. scope - information required and data to be gathered 3. funding - availability and from which source 4. personnel - project management team (librarians, consultants, community resources persons, etc.) 5. time of last analysis April 30[d] OPTIMIZING PARTICIPATION.
6. May 7 LINKING MISSION, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES TO COMMUNITY ANALYSIS/NEEDS ASSESSMENT DATA Read:
May 7[d] WRITING THE PLANNING DOCUMENT. Read:
III. Design of Library and Information Services (Weeks 7-10). 7. May 14 LEGAL ISSUES -- RESOURCE SHARING, COPYRIGHT, LICENSING,
INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM. Guest speaker: TBA
Read:
Recommended readings (highly recommended*):
May 14[d] APPROPRIATE INFORMATION SERVICE.
8. May 21 COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES -- FORMAT AND EQUIPMENT
ISSUES. Read:
Recommended readings:
Fordham, Amy E. The Collection Development Planning Process. http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/class/clis724/SpecialLibrariesHandbook/collection.htm May 21[d] SELECTION AND DESELECTION OF MATERIALS. Read: Evans, G. Edward. "Electronic Materials." In: Developing Library and Information Center Collections. 3rd ed. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited, 1995; pp. 260-92. [ON RESERVE in MIT Lab] Recommended readings: Evans, G. Edward. "Deselection." In: Developing Library and Information Center Collections. 3rd ed. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited, 1995; pp. 379-98. LaGuardia, Cheryl and Bentley, Stella. "Electronic Data Bases: Will Old Collection Development Policies Still Work?," Online, 16(4): 60-3, July 1992. Leach, R.G. and Tribble, J.E. "Electronic Document Delivery: New Options for Libraries," Journal of Academic Librarianship, 18(6): 359-365, January 1993. Shreeves, Edward. "Between the Visionaries and the Luddites: Collection Development and Electronic Resources in the Humanities," Library Trends, 40(4): 579-595, Spring 1992. 9. May 28 PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION RESEARCH AND STANDARD LIBRARY EVALUATION TECHNIQUES. Read: Robbins-Carter, Jane and Zweizig, Douglas L. "Are We There Yet: Lesson One," American Libraries, 16(9): 624-627, October 1985. Robbins-Carter, Jane and Zweizig, Douglas L. "Are We There Yet: Lesson Two," American Libraries, 16(10): 724-727, November 1985. Recommended readings: Hernon, Peter and McClure, Charles R. Evaluation and Library Decision Making. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp., pp. 68-103, 1990 (Ch.5: Evaluation Designs and Data Collection Techniques). May 28[d] EVALUATION TECHNIQUES: OUTPUT MEASURES, ETC. Read: Walter, Virginia A. Output Measures for Public Library Services to Children. Chicago: ALA, 1992; pp. 23-60 (Part 2: The Output Measures). 10. June 4 PRESERVATION ISSUES.| Read: Cloonan, Michèle V. W(h)ither Preservation? Library Quarterly, 71(2): 231-242. Rothenberg, Jeff. "Ensuring the Longevity of Digital Documents," Scientific American, 272(1): 42-47, January 1995 Child, Margaret. North-East Document Conservation Center Preservation Manual. New York State Library. Preservation Policy of the New York State Library. http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/library/policy/cdp/preserve.htm (viewed 3/31/02) Walker, G. "Assessing Preservation Needs," Library Resources and Technical Services, 33(4): 414-419, October 1989. Watt, Marcia A. "The Preservation of Library Materials in 1991: A Review of the Literature," Library Resources and Technical Services, 36(3): 333-338, July 1992. June 4[d] MARKETING OF LIBRARY/INFORMATION SERVICE.
Read: American Library Association. @ Your Library: The Campaign for America's Libraries. https://cs.ala.org/@yourlibrary Hammond, John. Marketing Program. http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/class/clis724/SpecialLibrariesHandbook/marketing.htm Koontz, Christie "Customer-Based Marketing - Stores and Libraries: Both Serve Customers!," Marketing Library Services: A "How-To" Marketing Tool Written Specifically for Librarians!, 16(1): January/February 2002. http://www.infotoday.com/mls/jan02/koontz.htm Lee, Deborah. "Marketing for Libraries: Theory and Practice," Mississippi Libraries, Winter 2000. http://www.lib.usm.edu/~mla/publications/ml/winter00/marketing.html Maine Library Association. "Chapter VII -- Marketing / Community Relations," Maine Library Association Public Library Standards. http://www.mainelibraries.org/standards/mla_chap7.htm For more articles, browse: Niederlander, Mary. "Marketing our Libraries: On and Off the Web ," LibrarySupportStaff.com. http://www.librarysupportstaff.com/marketinglibs.html Find out about: cause related marketing and social marketing Recommended: American Library Association. Marketing to Libraries (ALA Library Fact Sheet No. 5). http://www.ala.org/library/fact5.html Booth, Tracey. Pre-Marketing: Analysis of Information Needs. http://www.libsci.sc.edu/bob/class/clis724/SpecialLibrariesHandbook/booth.htm Jensen, Bruce. "Outreach & Media," Public Libraries Using Spanish (PLUS). http://skipper.gseis.ucla.edu/students/bjensen/html/plus/outreach.htm Jensen, Bruce. "Print & Post Signs: Spanish-language documents suitable for display on the walls or website of your library," Public Libraries Using Spanish (PLUS). http://skipper.gseis.ucla.edu/students/bjensen/html/plus/printpost.htm Marketing Library Services: A "How-To" Marketing Tool Written Specifically for Librarians! http://www.infotoday.com/mls/mls.htm "Marketing: Advertising, Marketing, Web Marketing," Libraries Mean Business. http://www.uhls.org/business/marketing.html Marketing Treasures. http://www.chrisolson.com/marketingtreasures
Since 1987 Marketing Treasures has offered tips, ideas and insights to librarians and others on how to promote and apply marketing tools to their information services and products. Originally published as a paper-based newsletter, Marketing Treasures articles span the full range of marketing and promotion issues faced by all types of librarians around the globe. Niederlander, Mary. "Fundraising for Libraries: Links and Resources," LibrarySupportStaff.com. http://librarysupportstaff.com/find$.html -----. "Library Signs and Display," LibrarySupportStaff.com. http://www.librarysupportstaff.com/libsigns.html "Promoting School Libraries and Programs," Librarians Information Online Network (LION). http://www.libraries.phila.k12.pa.us/lion/promote.html The Shy Librarian: Promoting Libraries, Librarians, and Books. http://www.shylibrarian.com Zick, Laura. Marketing the Library/Information Service: Readings. http://www.dochzi.com/bibs/market.html
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